đŁïž What Is Reported Speech in French and How to Use It?
When you want to report what someone else said in French, you use reported speech (le discours rapportĂ©). It is similar to English âHe said thatâŠâ or âShe asked ifâŠâ.
This guide will show you what reported speech is, how it works in French, and the key changes you need to make with tenses, pronouns, and time expressions.
1. What Is Reported Speech?
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Direct speech = quoting the exact words.
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Marie a dit : « Je suis fatiguĂ©e. » â Marie said: âI am tired.â
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Reported speech = reporting the idea without quoting exactly.
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Marie a dit quâelle Ă©tait fatiguĂ©e. â Marie said (that) she was tired.
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đ Reported speech is very common in French conversation and writing.
2. Structure of Reported Speech in French
The most common way to report speech is with:
đ verb of speech + que + clause
đ Examples:
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Il dit quâil est malade. â He says that he is sick.
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Elle a rĂ©pondu quâelle viendrait. â She replied that she would come.
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Ils pensent que câest une bonne idĂ©e. â They think that itâs a good idea.
3. Pronoun Changes
When reporting speech, pronouns often change to match the speaker.
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Je suis fatiguĂ©. â (Marc a ditâŠ) Il Ă©tait fatiguĂ©.
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Nous partons demain. â (Ils ont ditâŠ) Ils partaient le lendemain.
đ Always adjust pronouns according to the subject of the reporting sentence.
4. Tense Changes in Reported Speech
In French, if the main verb is in the past tense, the verb in reported speech usually shifts backwards (like in English).
| Direct speech (present) | Reported speech (past) |
|---|---|
| Il dit : « Je suis fatiguĂ©. » | Il a dit quâil Ă©tait fatiguĂ©. |
| Elle a dit : « Jâai fini. » | Elle a dit quâelle avait fini. |
| Ils ont dit : « Nous irons. » | Ils ont dit quâils iraient. |
| Tu as dit : « Je verrai. » | Tu as dit que tu verrais. |
đ Key tense shifts:
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Present â Imparfait
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PassĂ© composĂ© â Plus-que-parfait
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Futur simple â Conditionnel prĂ©sent
5. Time Expression Changes
Time words often change in reported speech.
| Direct speech | Reported speech |
|---|---|
| aujourdâhui | ce jour-lĂ |
| demain | le lendemain |
| hier | la veille |
| ce soir | ce soir-lĂ |
| maintenant | Ă ce moment-lĂ |
đ Example:
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Elle a dit : « Je viendrai demain. »
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â Elle a dit quâelle viendrait le lendemain.
6. Reporting Questions
To report a yes/no question, use si (if/whether).
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Il a demandĂ© : « Est-ce que tu es prĂȘt ? »
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â Il a demandĂ© si jâĂ©tais prĂȘt. â He asked if I was ready.
To report information questions, keep the question word (oĂč, quand, pourquoi, comment).
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Elle a demandĂ© : « OĂč habites-tu ? »
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â Elle a demandĂ© oĂč jâhabitais.
7. Examples in Sentences
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Marc a dit : « Je vais bien. »
â Marc a dit quâil allait bien. -
Paul a demandé : « Tu viendras demain ? »
â Paul a demandĂ© si je viendrais le lendemain. -
Ils ont dit : « Nous avons vu le film. »
â Ils ont dit quâils avaient vu le film.
â Quick Recap
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Reported speech = reporting what someone said without quoting.
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Structure = verb of speech + que + clause.
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Adjust pronouns, tenses, and time expressions.
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For questions: use si (yes/no) or keep the question word.
đŻ Practice Exercise
Transform into reported speech:
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Marie a dit : « Je suis contente. »
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Ils ont dit : « Nous irons à Paris demain. »
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Paul a demandé : « Est-ce que tu comprends ? »
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Elle a dit : « Jâai fini mon travail hier. »
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Tu as demandĂ© : « OĂč est-il ? »
Answers:
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Marie a dit quâelle Ă©tait contente.
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Ils ont dit quâils iraient Ă Paris le lendemain.
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Paul a demandé si je comprenais.
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Elle a dit quâelle avait fini son travail la veille.
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Tu as demandĂ© oĂč il Ă©tait.
Conclusion
Reported speech in French (le discours rapporté) is essential for conversations, storytelling, and writing. Remember:
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Use que for statements, si for yes/no questions, and keep question words for information questions.
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Adjust pronouns, verb tenses, and time expressions according to context.
đ Pro tip: When practicing, take short dialogues in French and rewrite them in reported speech. This will make the grammar feel natural.
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